
A New Future of Work: The Race to Deploy AI and Raise Skills in Europe and Beyond
The future of work is rapidly evolving, driven by the transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI) and the urgent need to upskill the workforce. A McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) study titled “A new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills in Europe and beyond” paints a compelling picture: by 2030, up to 30% of current work hours could be automated thanks to AI, necessitating a significant shift in how we approach work and prepare our workforce.
In Europe and beyond, businesses, governments, and educational institutions are racing to deploy AI technologies and enhance the skills of their populations to stay competitive in a global economy.
i. The Automation Wave and Its Impact

The MGI study predicts significant automation across various sectors, with activities involving physical and manual skills, as well as routine cognitive tasks, being most susceptible. This automation isn’t necessarily a negative force; it has the potential to boost productivity and economic growth. However, it also presents a challenge: millions of workers could find their current skillsets rendered obsolete.
ii. The Rise of AI in the Workplace

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing industries across the globe. From manufacturing and healthcare to finance and retail, AI is automating routine tasks, optimizing operations, and providing deep insights through data analysis. In Europe, companies are increasingly adopting AI to improve efficiency, drive innovation, and enhance customer experiences. According to a report by the European Commission, AI could contribute over €14 trillion to the global economy by 2030.
iii. Europe at a Crossroads

The study highlights the urgency for Europe to act. Compared to the United States, Europe faces a double challenge – accelerating AI adoption while simultaneously upskilling its workforce at a faster pace. Currently, Europe’s productivity growth trails behind, and failure to prepare its workforce for AI-driven changes could exacerbate this gap.
iv. The Up-skilling Imperative

The solution lies in a multi-pronged approach. Here are some of the crucial steps Europe needs to take:
- Focus on Technological and Social & Emotional Skills: While foundational technical skills will remain important, the future demands a workforce equipped with critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, and collaboration skills.
- Invest in Training and Education: Educational institutions and governments need to collaborate on developing and delivering training programs that equip workers with the skills needed for the AI-powered workforce.
- Proactive Worker Redeployment: MGI estimates that up to 12 million occupational transitions may be needed in Europe by 2030. Governments and organizations need to implement proactive strategies to help workers transition to new roles.
v. Challenges in AI Adoption

Despite its potential, the adoption of AI comes with significant challenges. One of the primary concerns is the displacement of jobs. As AI systems take over repetitive and mundane tasks, there is a growing fear of job losses and economic displacement. Moreover, the implementation of AI requires substantial investment in technology and infrastructure, which can be a barrier for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Data privacy and security are also critical issues. The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) sets stringent guidelines on data usage, posing challenges for AI development that relies heavily on large datasets. Ensuring that AI systems are transparent, ethical, and unbiased is another hurdle that policymakers and businesses must address.
v. The Skills Gap: A Critical Challenge

The rapid integration of AI into the workplace has highlighted a significant skills gap. Many workers lack the necessary skills to work alongside AI technologies or in AI-driven environments. The World Economic Forum estimates that by 2025, 85 million jobs may be displaced by a shift in the division of labor between humans and machines, while 97 million new roles may emerge that are more adapted to this new reality.
Bridging this gap requires a multifaceted approach, focusing on both education and continuous professional development. Schools and universities must update curricula to include more STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) subjects, emphasizing AI and data science. Furthermore, businesses need to invest in ongoing training for their employees, fostering a culture of lifelong learning.
In Europe, there is a pressing need to up-skill and re-skill the workforce to prepare for this shift. Educational institutions, vocational training centers, and companies are working together to develop programs that equip workers with the skills needed for the AI-driven economy. Digital literacy, coding, data analysis, and AI ethics are becoming essential components of modern education.
vi. Initiatives to Bridge the Skills Gap

Several initiatives are underway to bridge the skills gap in Europe. The European Commission has launched the Digital Education Action Plan, which aims to support the digital transformation of education and training systems across Europe. The plan focuses on enhancing digital skills and competencies at all levels of education, from schools to universities and vocational training centers.
Additionally, several public-private partnerships are emerging to facilitate skill development. For example, the “Skills for Jobs” initiative by the EIT Digital focuses on providing professional education programs tailored to the digital skills demanded by the industry.
Public-private partnerships are also playing a crucial role. For instance, the European AI Alliance brings together stakeholders from industry, academia, and civil society to foster collaboration on AI-related issues, including skills development. Companies like Siemens, SAP, and IBM are investing in training programs and apprenticeships to develop a pipeline of AI-ready talent.
Moreover, innovative training platforms and boot camps, such as Le Wagon and Ironhack, are proliferating, offering intense, short-term courses designed to equip individuals with the necessary skills to thrive in a tech-driven job market.
vii. The Global Perspective

The race to deploy AI and raise skills is not confined to Europe. Countries around the world are investing heavily in AI and workforce development to maintain their competitive edge. The United States, China, and Japan are leading in AI research and development, with substantial investments in AI infrastructure and education.
China, in particular, has made AI a national priority, with the government setting ambitious goals to become the world leader in AI by 2030. The country is investing in AI research, startups, and educational programs to build a robust AI ecosystem. Similarly, the United States is focusing on AI through initiatives like the American AI Initiative, which aims to promote AI innovation, education, and workforce development.
viii. The US and China: Leading the AI Race

The United States and China are at the forefront of AI innovation, driven by massive investments from both private and public sectors. These countries are fostering ecosystems that nurture AI startups, support academic research, and develop talent. The US, for example, benefits from strong university-industry collaborations, with tech giants like Google and IBM leading AI research and development. In China, the government’s strategic plan, “AI 2030,” aims to make the nation a global AI leader by fostering innovation and nurturing a highly skilled workforce.
ix. International Collaboration

Recognizing the global nature of AI advancements, there is a growing emphasis on international collaboration. Partnerships between countries, such as the EU-US Trade and Technology Council, aim to harmonize regulatory approaches, share best practices, and jointly address ethical and social challenges posed by AI.
x. Ethical and Social Considerations

As AI technology becomes more pervasive, addressing ethical and social implications is essential. Governments and organizations are developing frameworks to ensure the responsible use of AI, focusing on transparency, accountability, and fairness. The EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) serves as a benchmark for data privacy, setting high standards for the protection of individuals’ data in an era of AI-driven decision-making.
xi. The Road to a Thriving Future

The future of work with AI is not a dystopian vision of mass unemployment. Instead, it presents an opportunity for Europe to create a more productive, innovative, and inclusive economy. By embracing AI responsibly and prioritizing workforce development, Europe can ensure a smooth transition and unlock the full potential of this technological revolution.
The race to deploy AI and raise skills has begun. Will Europe rise to the challenge and secure a thriving future for its workforce? Only time will tell, but one thing is certain – proactive measures are needed to ensure a smooth transition and harness the immense potential of AI for the benefit of all.
xii. Conclusion

The future of work is being reshaped by the rapid deployment of AI and the need for a highly skilled workforce. In Europe and beyond, governments, businesses, and educational institutions are racing to adopt AI technologies and up-skill their populations to thrive in the AI-driven economy. While challenges remain, the opportunities presented by AI are immense, offering the potential to drive economic growth, enhance productivity, and create new job opportunities. As the world navigates this transformation, a collaborative approach to AI development and skills training will be essential to ensure an inclusive and prosperous future of work.
xiii. Further references
- The race to deploy generative AI and raise skills – McKinsey & Company https://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/our-research/a-new-future-of-work
- A new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills – McKinsey & Company https://www.mckinsey.de/media/news/presse
- The race to deploy AI and raise skills in Europe and beyond – AFSNI https://www.afsmi.nl/article/mckinsey
- A new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills – Glasp https://glasp.co/hatch
- AI to substantially transform global labor markets by 2030 – CGTN https://news.cgtn.com/news/AI-to-substantially-transform-global-labor-markets-by-2030
- Generative AI could autonomise almost half of working hours – AICEP https://www.portugalglobal.pt/Homepage/News
- The workplace of the future – The Economist https://www.economist.com
- The Future of Work: Adapting to the Rise of Automation and AI – Everand https://www.everand.com
- The New Future of Work: How Enterprises Adapt to AI – Gigged.AI https://gigged.ai/the-new-future-of-work-how-enterprises-adapt
- Reskilling for Employment in Europe: An Industry-Led Initiative – European Social Services Conference https://essc-eu.org/reskilling-for-employment-in-europe
- The Future of Healthcare in Europe: AI and Labor Market – Interreg Baltic Sea Region https://interreg-baltic.eu/news
- The race to deploy AI and raise skills in Europe and beyond – NSTDA https://www.nstda.or.th/book
- Workers Are Underestimating The Urgent Need For AI Skills – Allwork.Space https://allwork.space/news
- A new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills – GRCC https://www.grcc.vip/article-34006
- How Leaders Can Deploy AI And Boost Skills For The New Era – Forbes https://www.forbes.com/leadership-strategy
- Workforce – PwC https://www.pwc.com/services/workforce
- Racing toward the future: artificial intelligence in Southeast Asia – Kearney https://www.middle-east.kearney.com/article/insights
- Five leading AI applications | AI’s impact on tomorrow – Nokia http://www.nokia.com
- Digital technologies for a new future – Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe https://www.cepal.org/files/S2000960_en
- The ethics of artificial intelligence: Issues and initiatives – European Parliament https://www.europarl.europa.eu/etudes/STUD